Guidance on the humanitarian impacts of climate change. Admission of climate-displaced persons. Authorization of appropriations. According to the International 13 Organization for Migration, by , there could be 14 as many as ,, climate-displaced persons, 15 including those who are internally displaced. The 6 report required under this subsection shall be submitted 7 in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. Climate-displaced persons.
Open navigation menu. Close suggestions Search Search. User Settings. Skip carousel. Carousel Previous. Carousel Next. What is Scribd? Climate Displaced Persons Act. Uploaded by Alexander Kaufman. Document Information click to expand document information Description: House bill to establish climate refugee protections.
Did you find this document useful? Is this content inappropriate? Report this Document. Description: House bill to establish climate refugee protections. Flag for inappropriate content. Download now. Related titles. Carousel Previous Carousel Next. Jump to Page. Search inside document. Original Signature of Member H. XML 3 1 tial threat that has already had a negative impact on 2 the fulfilment of human rights, specifically noting 3 that— 4 A parties should, when taking action to 5 address climate change, respect, promote and 6 consider their respective obligations on human 7 rights; and 8 B the adverse effects of climate change 9 are felt most acutely by those segments of the 10 population that are already in vulnerable situa- 11 tions owing to factors such as geography, pov- 12 erty, gender, age, indigenous or minority status, 13 national or social origin, birth or other status 14 and disability.
XML 4 1 adaptations in the near term can help reduce the 2 risks of climate change throughout the 21st century. XML 6 1 2 welcome the shared responsibility of climate 2 change adaptation, global disaster risk reduction, re- 3 siliency building, and disaster response and recovery; 4 3 assist in providing durable solutions for cli- 5 mate-displaced persons; 6 4 aid other countries in their climate change 7 mitigation efforts; and 8 5 work with the international community— 9 A to establish a framework to share such 10 responsibilities; and 11 B to ensure that the human rights of cli- 12 mate-displaced persons are acknowledged, re- 13 spected, protected, and fulfilled.
XML 19 1 submitted on behalf of eligible applicants for 2 climate-displaced person status by qualified 3 international agencies. XML 20 1 ment programs, and other benefits available to refu- 2 gees admitted under section Keep Voting Simple. Alexander Kaufman. Karl Mathiesen. Joaquim Ferreira. There is a set of combined factors that also plays a vital role in this context.
However, climate change makes displacement more vulnerable and it works as the threat multiplier with social and other economic factors.
The future of people affected by displacement will be very harsh because climate change will be the single factor that will work as catalyst behind the decision to move. Social consequence of this forced migration and displacement is challenging in Bangladesh as it is to recognize the needs of IDPs yet.
There is no doubt this displacement leads to different social problems. Displaced people move to urban areas or other rural areas. By doing this, they try to adapt to the situation.
However, they do not get adequate assistance from government. In all cases, people have adapted through their initiatives. Most interestingly, these displaced people have a huge contribution to the formal and informal sector of the economy. As they are contributing in many spheres of Bangladesh, it is expected that government should have a certain human rights-based approach to fulfil their needs.
As this paper aims to identify the existing policy regarding climate-induced migrants and displaced, it addresses existing initiatives. Before tracing policies on this, it is important to pinpoint the framework on effectiveness of those existing measures.
To find the effects of existing policy implementation, the section focuses on theoretical understanding 21 Md. Theoretical Underpinning Though several initiatives and projects have been formulated, the country is yet to undertake specific policies regarding the adaptation of climate-induced IDPs.
To examine the effectiveness of the existing policies, a policy implementation process will be derived for the analysis. Evolution of public policy implementation has different phases.
Van Meter and Carl E. It reflects the overall goal of the policy. Resources are another variable that means funding and incentives to facilitate the policy implementation. The variable titled, inter-organizational communication and enforcement activities, is related to the individuals who are responsible for the implementation Proper communication channel between and among organizations regarding standards and objectives of policy is significant for successful implementation.
The implementing agencies have some specific features, e. Based on this model, the paper in subsequent sections tries to identify the problems of implementation that are working as a factor behind the policy vacuum.
Identifying the Policy Gaps This section traces the national policies of Bangladesh that are linked to climate change and climate displacement.
Firstly, it provides a set of policy descriptions. It also addresses those policies and projects which are relevant to deal with climate change, poverty, migration and displacement. Secondly, it identifies policy gaps. Four sets of policies can be identified regarding climate change, forced migration, displacement, e. Policies that Specifically a. NAPA deal with Climate b. Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund 2. Development and a. The Outline Perspective Plan Policies c.
National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction d. Coastal Zone Management Policy e. The Eighth Five-Year Plan 3.
Disaster Management a. Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme Policies b. National Plan for Disaster Management 4. Migration and Displace- a. It recognizes that climate change will intensify the impacts of natural hazards andcalls for urgent adaptive measures.
It was the first framework for vital action. It also projects problems, e. In that version, four security issues are identified, e. Moreover, it does not visualize the adaptation process of climate-induced IDPs. It discussed six key areas, e. It states that migration should be considered as a significant alternative and measures should be taken to train the displaced people35 4.
It planned for rehabilitation of 10, landless families by establishing new villages. This trust gets funding, expertise, and equipment to mitigate problems of climate change.
For programmes and projects, it receives funds from the national budget. Besides, it calls for South-South cooperation for more development.
The plan recognizes the increasing number of rural-urban migration. All major Bangladeshi cities have 35 per cent population living in slums. Due to unplanned urbanization, this migration does not allow sustainable economic growth potential in rural areas. The rate of urbanization was 5 per cent in which became 25 per cent in the year This plan projects that it will increase by 38 per cent by which will be alarming.
There is no agenda in this paper for internal migration. It does not discuss the adaptation process of displaced people. It focusses on coastal zone management for development and controlling salinity intrusion. However, the concept of migration and adaptation is not there. In the first phase , a long-term plan for disaster risk reduction and adaptation of climate change was designed for seven districts of Bangladesh.
The second phase , aimed to focus on mapping of hazards, vulnerabilities and going for an early warning system. Nevertheless, it does not mention anything about adaptation process of climate-induced IDPs.
It acknowledges the homelessness of people due to flood and riverbank erosion but it does not state the strategy for poor people to cope with climate change. However, these are about international migration. There is only one strategy paper which was drafted in by the Ministry of Disaster Management.
The Strategy focusses specilifically on internal displacements caused by climate-related disasters. It aims to write out a comprehensive strategy covering all three phases of displacements, e.
This strategy paper focuses on the right-based approach and highlights the need for employment for their adaptation. It also recommends decentralization of urbanized growth centres for employment of IDPs. However, it does not come into force yet. All have accepted the reality and recognized the problem with assumption of 25 million climate IDPs by , but there is no policy recommendations for adaptation of climate change-induced IDPs. There is only a draft strategy paper for climate IDPs that has not come into force.
Some projects and policies try to introduce the adaptation process but those were not successful. The implementation failure of previous initiatives leads to lack of a specific policy for climate-induced IDPs. Following table 3 identifies policy gaps of Bangladesh. NAPA It addresses climate change-induced internal migration with negative perspective and does not recommend any strategy for adaptation.
The Seventh Five Year Plan It did not have any part on internal displacement or internal forced migration. It recommends for decentralization and adaptation as The Eighth Five Year Plan a solution of climate change- induced migration. National Strategy on the Manage- It is the first one to address the issue. It is a draft ment of Disaster and Climate-In- paper.
In the next section, problems of policy implementation are analyzed through the lens of theoretical framework of Meter and Horn.
Problems Behind Policy Implementation From the discussion above, it is revealed that some policies and projects are initiated for adaptation of climate change-induced IDPs. Cluster village programmes were initiated to control rural-urban migration.
The Climate Change Trust Fund has been established with a vision to taking measures for communities affected due to climate change. Through applying the lens of the policy implementation model, this section traces reasons behind policy gaps 5. Despite having conceptual complexity, countries like Chad, Niger, and Philippines have individual policy frameworks for climate-induced IDPs.
This can be identified as one of many impediments which is not significant in this period of climate finance and climate governance. Functionally, no ministry deals with climate-induced IDPs in particular.
The conceptual complexity is also linked with functional responsibility. There is an urge to make a combined effort by the government to address the issue. The Guchchhogram project started in These activities will contribute to reduce national poverty. The Second Guchchhogram project came into force in The second phase of this project is aimed to rehabilitate 50, families from to It was allocated 2, crore taka since fiscal year.
Bangladesh will also get funding from Green 47 Key Informant Interview, Moreover, due to the absence of a precise policy paper for climate-induced displacement proper monitoring has become an important issue.
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